QTC 9.1 Lower-Level Thinking (Knowledge - Define, Identify, List,)
There are a few basic assumptions of behaviorism. Briefly identify about 2-3.
QTC 9.2 Higher-Level Thinking (Analysis - Compare, Differentiate, Examine)
Compare and contrast classical conditioning and instrumental conditioning.
9.1 There are several key assumptions underlying the behaviorist perspective. One assumption is that people's behaviors are largely the result of their experiences with environmental stimuli. Another assumption is that learning involves forming associations among stimuli and responses. Finally, learning is said to involve a behavior change.
ReplyDelete9.2 Classical conditioning is a form of learning in which a new, involuntary response is acquired as a result of two stimuli being presented at the same time. Instrumental conditioning is a form of learning in which a response either increases or decreases as a result of being followed by either reinforcement or punishment, respectively. This form of conditioning also involves learning from consequences. Classical conditioning and instrumental conditioning both involve stimuli and responses. Instrumental conditioning is different from classical conditioning because the response if voluntary rather than involuntary. Also, learning occurs as a result of a stimulus that comes after, rather than before, the response.
Great questions, Chelsey! You are spot on with the higher-level and lower-level questions.
Lower Order Thinking: Behaviorism supposes that it is extremely difficult, if not impossible to determine the thought process of indivduals. Behaviorism, instead focuses on the expressed behaviors to determine their desires and motivations. A key focus of behaviorism is behavior modification, typically through conditioning.
ReplyDeleteHigher Order Thinking: Classical conditioning is when a a conditioned stimulus becomes associated with a desired response. The perfect example of classical conditioning is Pavlov's dog, in which a dog is presented with food which makes him salivate. Next, a bell is rung before he is feed. By the end of the experiment the dog will salivate when the bell is rung, because he has been conditioned to expect food thereafter. Instrumental conditioning on the other hand, is based off the intended consequences of doing a particular activity. Instrumental conditioning is characterized by positive/negative reinforcers and punishments. For example, providing a reward for a good test or reducing work time are both examples of instrumental conditioning because its goal is to continue the behavior of doing well on tests. Punishment is meant to reduce a behavior.
Both questions were appropriate for their level on Bloom's taxonomical scale. Good job!